body{color:#212529;line-height:1.6;background:#fff}
    body.synth-open{padding-bottom:0}
    h1{font-weight:700;color:#212529}
    h2{font-weight:600;margin-top:0.5rem}
    h3{font-weight:600}
    .section h2,.section h3{text-align:left}
    .section hr{margin-top:0.25rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid #dadce0}
    .lead a{color:#007bff;text-decoration:none}
    .lead a:hover{color:#0056b3;text-decoration:underline}
    .affil{color:#5f6368}
    .hero-buttons .btn{border-radius:20px;margin:4px 4px}
    .site-header{padding:1.75rem 1rem 1rem}
    .site-header h1{font-size:2.25rem}
    .app-shell{display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px minmax(0,1fr);gap:28px;max-width:1500px;margin:0 auto;padding:1rem 28px 0}
    .tab-content{min-width:0}
    .side-tabs{position:sticky;top:18px;align-self:start;border-right:1px solid #dadce0;padding:0.5rem 14px 0.5rem 0}
    .tab-button{display:block;width:100%;border:0;background:#fff;color:#333;text-align:left;padding:10px 12px;margin:2px 0;border-radius:6px;font-weight:600}
    .tab-button.active{background:#e9f2ff;color:#0056b3}
    .tab-panel{display:none}
    .tab-panel.active{display:block}
    .container-narrow{max-width:1120px;margin:0 auto}
    .figure-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:22px}
    .figure-frame{border:0;border-radius:0;overflow:visible;background:#fff}
    .pdf-canvas{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;background:#fff}
    .pdf-fallback{display:block;padding:14px;text-align:center}
    .paper-figure{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;background:#fff}
    .paper-figure-with-copy{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(280px,462px) minmax(0,1fr);gap:30px;align-items:start;width:min(100%,1042px);margin:2rem auto 2.5rem}
    .paper-figure-with-copy .figure-frame{margin:0}
    .paper-figure-with-copy figcaption{margin-top:10px;color:#555;font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.5}
    .paper-figure-with-copy .figure-copy{min-width:0}
    .paper-figure-with-copy .figure-copy p:first-child{margin-top:0}
    .paper-figure-with-copy .figure-copy p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}

    .interactive-layout{display:grid;gap:24px}
    .patch-stage{position:relative;max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto 18px;min-height:860px}
    .patch-figure{position:absolute;left:22%;right:22%;top:70px;z-index:1}
    .patch-figure .pdf-canvas{box-shadow:none}
    .patch-cables,.component-arrows{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;pointer-events:none;z-index:4}
    .component-arrows path{stroke:#58616b;stroke-width:1.4;fill:none;marker-end:url(#arrowhead)}
    .patch-cables path{stroke:#0878d8;stroke-width:3.5;fill:none;filter:drop-shadow(0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.18))}
    .patch-node{position:absolute;z-index:6;width:190px}
    .patch-node[data-param-node="f0"]{left:2%;top:55px}
    .patch-node[data-param-node="dynamic"]{right:2%;top:68px}
    .patch-node[data-param-node="pluck"]{left:1%;top:326px}
    .patch-node[data-param-node="a1"]{right:2%;top:332px}
    .patch-node[data-param-node="decay"]{left:41%;top:612px}
    .knob-card{border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:10px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.96)}
    .knob-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;font-size:0.82rem;font-weight:600}
    .knob-readout{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#555}
    .knob-shell{position:relative;width:74px;height:74px;margin:8px auto;border:0;border-radius:50%;background:conic-gradient(#0878d8 var(--base,0deg), #e9ecef 0);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 9px #fff, inset 0 0 0 10px #cfd6dd;cursor:ns-resize;touch-action:none}
    .knob-shell:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #0878d8;outline-offset:4px}
    .knob-indicator{position:absolute;left:50%;top:8px;width:3px;height:28px;background:#1f2933;border-radius:3px;transform-origin:50% 29px;transform:translateX(-50%) rotate(var(--angle,-135deg))}
    .mod-jack,.lfo-output{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:22px;height:22px;border:2px solid #0878d8;border-radius:50%;background:#fff;color:#0878d8;font-size:0.68rem;line-height:1;cursor:crosshair}
    .mod-jack{position:absolute;right:9px;bottom:9px}
    .mod-jack.connected,.lfo-output.connected{background:#0878d8;color:#fff}
    .lfo-grid{position:absolute;left:18%;right:18%;bottom:18px;z-index:7;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(260px,1fr));gap:14px;margin:0 auto}
    .lfo-card{position:relative;border:1px solid #d8dde3;border-radius:6px;padding:12px 44px 12px 12px;background:#fbfcfd}
    .lfo-output{position:absolute;right:12px;top:14px}
    .lfo-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:90px 1fr 54px;gap:8px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:0.88rem}
    .transport{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}
    .transport .btn{border-radius:20px}
    .tempo-control{display:inline-grid;grid-template-columns:auto 80px;gap:8px;align-items:center;font-size:0.9rem}
    .piano-roll{position:fixed;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background:#f7f9fb;border-top:1px solid #cfd6dd;box-shadow:0 -4px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.1);z-index:50;display:none}
    body.synth-open .piano-roll{display:block}
    .piano-toolbar{height:48px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;padding:7px 18px;border-bottom:1px solid #d8dde3}
    .roll-viewport{height:auto;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}
    .roll-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:76px repeat(64,24px);width:max-content;min-width:100%}
    .note-label{position:sticky;left:0;z-index:2;height:24px;background:#eef2f6;border-right:1px solid #cfd6dd;border-bottom:1px solid #d8dde3;padding:2px 8px;font-size:0.78rem;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
    .roll-cell{width:24px;height:24px;border:0;border-right:1px solid #e4e8ec;border-bottom:1px solid #e4e8ec;background:#fff;padding:0}
    .roll-cell.barline{border-left:2px solid #c0c8d0}
    .roll-cell.beat{background:#f7f9fb}
    .roll-cell.active{background:#0878d8}
    .roll-cell.playhead{box-shadow:inset 2px 0 0 #f1b44c}

    .listening-section{--listening-dock-height:0px;position:relative;padding-bottom:calc(var(--listening-dock-height) + 1rem)}
    .listening-dock-slot{position:relative;width:100%;height:0}
    .listening-dock{display:none}
    .listening-dock.is-floating{position:fixed;z-index:70;left:var(--listening-dock-center,50vw);bottom:calc(12px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));width:max-content;max-width:min(var(--listening-dock-width,calc(100vw - 24px)),calc(100vw - 24px));padding:8px 10px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);justify-items:center;gap:6px;opacity:var(--listening-dock-progress,0);transform:translateX(-50%);border:1px solid rgba(174,184,193,.72);border-radius:16px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.20);box-shadow:0 10px 32px rgba(30,43,54,.24);backdrop-filter:blur(14px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(14px)}
    .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-options,.listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination{margin:0}
    .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-options{width:max-content;max-width:100%;gap:9.6px}
    .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination{width:max-content;max-width:100%;gap:11.2px;flex-wrap:nowrap}
    .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-toggle button{padding:4.8px 11.2px;font-size:.72rem}
    .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination .btn{min-width:84.8px;padding:.3rem .6rem;font-size:.8rem}
    .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination output{flex:0 0 150px;min-width:150px;font-size:.68rem;white-space:nowrap}
    .listening-dock-bubble .audio-pagination{visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}
    .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse{position:fixed;z-index:71;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:11.2px;margin:0;opacity:var(--listening-dock-progress,0);color:#fff;mix-blend-mode:difference}
    .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse .btn{min-width:84.8px;padding:.3rem .6rem;font-size:.8rem;color:#fff;border-color:#fff;background:transparent;opacity:1}
    .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse .btn:hover,.audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse .btn:focus,.audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse .btn:active,.audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse .btn:disabled{color:#fff;border-color:#fff;background:transparent;opacity:1}
    .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse output{flex:0 0 150px;min-width:150px;text-align:center;font-size:.68rem;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;white-space:nowrap;color:#fff}
    .sticky-target-rail{position:fixed;z-index:60;top:0;left:var(--sticky-target-left,0);width:var(--sticky-target-width,0);visibility:hidden;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;background:#fff4e8;box-shadow:0 5px 15px rgba(30,43,54,.18);transform:translateY(-100%)}
    .sticky-target-rail.is-visible{visibility:visible;opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}
    .sticky-target-scroll{width:100%;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;overscroll-behavior-x:contain;scrollbar-width:thin}
    .sticky-target-table{width:var(--sticky-target-table-width,1100px);min-width:0;table-layout:fixed;margin:0}
    .sticky-target-table .target-row th,.sticky-target-table .target-row td{border-top:0}
    .table-wrapper { overflow-x: auto; margin: 2rem 0 0; box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.1); border-radius:8px; overscroll-behavior-x:contain; }
    .audio-table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:1100px;}
    .listening-section .audio-table{min-width:var(--listening-table-min-width,1000px);table-layout:fixed}
    .audio-table th,.audio-table td{border:1px solid #e1e5e9;padding:10px;text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;}
    .audio-table th{background:#f0f0f0;font-weight:600; font-size: 0.9rem;}
    .audio-table th:first-child,.audio-table td:first-child{width:1%;white-space:nowrap;}
    .audio-table tbody .row-label{background-color:#f8fbfd;text-align:left;padding-left:15px}
    .row-label{font-weight:bold;}
    .row-label small{font-weight:normal;color:#555}
    .audio-table .target-row th,.audio-table .target-row td{background:#fff4e8;border-bottom:2px solid #9ea8b1}
    .audio-table .target-row .audio-table-corner{position:relative;width:150px;min-width:150px;height:136px;padding:0;background:linear-gradient(to top right,#f8fbfd 0,#f8fbfd calc(50% - .75px),#8d9ba7 50%,#fff4e8 calc(50% + .75px),#fff4e8 100%);color:#274f69;overflow:hidden}
    .corner-targets,.corner-predictions{position:absolute;font-size:.79rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;letter-spacing:.01em}
    .corner-targets{top:15px;right:12px;color:#8a4f2d}
    .corner-predictions{bottom:15px;left:12px}
    .cell{position:relative;min-width:170px;}
    .media-stack{position:relative;min-height:116px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:4px}
    .audio-engine{position:absolute;inset:0;overflow:hidden;opacity:0;pointer-events:none}
    .media-stack .spectrogram{position:relative;z-index:1}
    .overlay-play{position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%;width:44px;height:44px;border:0;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:0;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);background:rgba(0,123,255,.72);color:#fff;font-size:17px;line-height:1;cursor:pointer;opacity:0;transition:opacity .2s,background .2s,transform .2s;box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.25);z-index:20}
    .overlay-play .fa-play{margin-left:2px}
    .media-stack:hover .overlay-play,.media-stack:focus-within .overlay-play,.cell.loading .overlay-play{opacity:1}
    .overlay-play:hover{background:rgba(0,123,255,.9);transform:translate(-50%,-50%) scale(1.05)}
    .overlay-play:disabled{cursor:wait}
    .spectrogram{height:116px;margin:0;border-radius:4px}
    .cell.loaded .spectrogram{background:#e8e8e8;border:1px solid #ddd}
    .cell:not(.loaded) .spectrogram{display:none}
    .audio-options{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;gap:12px;margin:1rem auto 0}
    .audio-toggle{display:inline-flex;border:1px solid #ced4da;border-radius:20px;overflow:hidden}
    .audio-toggle button{border:0;border-right:1px solid #ced4da;background:#fff;color:#212529;padding:6px 14px;font-size:0.9rem}
    .audio-toggle button:last-child{border-right:0}
    .audio-toggle button.active{background:#007BFF;color:#fff}
    .audio-toggle button:focus-visible,.overlay-play:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #f1b44c;outline-offset:-3px}
    .audio-pagination{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:14px;margin:.85rem auto 0}
    .audio-pagination .btn{border-radius:20px;min-width:106px}
    .audio-pagination output{min-width:138px;text-align:center;font-size:.85rem;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#5f6871}
    .model-tooltip{position:relative;display:inline-block;max-width:100%}
    .tooltip-trigger{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;max-width:100%;border-radius:3px;cursor:help}
    .tooltip-trigger.has-label-meta{display:inline-grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);justify-items:start;gap:1px;white-space:normal}
    .model-label-main{min-width:0}
    .model-label-meta{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:5px;white-space:nowrap}
    .tooltip-trigger:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #0878d8;outline-offset:3px}
    .tooltip-bubble{display:none;position:absolute;z-index:40;left:calc(100% + 10px);top:50%;width:310px;padding:10px 12px;border-radius:6px;background:#20252b;color:#fff;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.45;white-space:normal;text-align:left;box-shadow:0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.25);transform:translateY(-50%)}
    .model-tooltip:hover .tooltip-bubble,.model-tooltip:focus-within .tooltip-bubble{display:block}

    .results-table{border-collapse:collapse;margin:1rem auto 0.4rem;width:auto;min-width:0;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;}
    .results-table th,.results-table td{border:none;padding:4px 15px;text-align:center;font-size:0.95rem;background:none;}
    .results-table thead tr:first-child th{border-top:2px solid #222;padding-top:7px}
    .results-table thead tr:last-child th{border-bottom:1.3px solid #222;padding-bottom:7px}
    .results-table tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:2px solid #222}
    .results-table tbody tr.grp td{border-top:1px solid #999}
    .results-table td:first-child,.results-table th:first-child{text-align:left;font-weight:400}
    .results-table td.sub{padding-left:34px;color:#555}
    .results-caption{max-width:1000px;margin:0.3rem auto 2.5rem;text-align:justify;font-size:0.85rem;color:#555}
    .results-scroll{overflow-x:auto;}
    pre.bibtex{background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #e1e5e9;border-radius:8px;padding:1.25rem 1.5rem;overflow-x:auto;text-align:left;}
    pre.bibtex code{font-family:'SFMono-Regular',Consolas,'Liberation Mono',Menlo,monospace;font-size:0.85rem;color:#2c3e50;white-space:pre;}

    .eyebrow{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.12em;color:#0878d8;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 .4rem}
    .story-lead{font-size:1.16rem;line-height:1.75;max-width:920px;color:#343a40}
    .story-figure{margin:2rem 0 2.5rem;border:1px solid #dfe4e8;background:#fbfcfd;border-radius:12px;padding:24px}
    .story-figure img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;mix-blend-mode:multiply}
    .story-figure>p{max-width:900px;margin:1.25rem auto 0;color:#555}
    .extended-figure{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,2.2fr) minmax(220px,1fr);gap:28px;align-items:center}
    .extended-figure figure{margin:0}
    .callouts{display:grid;gap:10px}
    .callouts p{margin:0;padding:13px;border-left:3px solid #0878d8;background:#fff}
    .callouts b,.callouts span{display:block}.callouts span{font-size:.86rem;color:#5f6368}
    .story-divider{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:18px;margin:4rem 0 2rem;color:#0878d8;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase}
    .story-divider:before,.story-divider:after{content:"";height:1px;flex:1;background:#cddff1}
    .synth-chapter{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:24px;padding:20px 22px;margin:1rem 0;border:1px solid #dfe4e8;border-radius:10px;background:#fff}
    .chapter-copy{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:18px}.chapter-copy h3{margin:0 0 .25rem}.chapter-copy p{margin:0;color:#555;max-width:760px}
    .chapter-number{font-size:2rem;font-weight:800;color:#c4d8ec;line-height:1}
    .synth-select{white-space:nowrap;border-radius:22px}
    .inline-roll{margin:1.5rem 0 3.5rem;border:1px solid #20252b;border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;background:#171b20;color:#e9ecef;box-shadow:0 16px 38px rgba(0,0,0,.14)}
    .inline-roll .piano-toolbar{height:auto;min-height:58px;background:#252b32;border-bottom-color:#3e454d}
    .inline-roll .roll-help{margin:0;padding:8px 18px;color:#aeb7c0;background:#20252b;font-size:.8rem}
    .mode-badge{display:inline-block;padding:4px 9px;border-radius:12px;background:#0878d8;color:#fff;font-size:.76rem;margin-right:10px}
    .inline-roll .roll-viewport{height:360px;overflow:auto;background:#11151a}
    .inline-roll .roll-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:68px calc(var(--steps) * 28px);width:max-content;min-width:100%}
    .inline-roll .note-label{position:sticky;left:0;z-index:5;height:25px;padding:3px 8px;background:#e9ecef;color:#222;border-color:#9aa3ab;font-size:.72rem}
    .inline-roll .note-label.black-key{background:#4e565e;color:#fff}
    .roll-lane{position:relative;width:calc(64 * 28px);height:25px;background:#252a30;border-bottom:1px solid #383f46;cursor:crosshair;touch-action:none}
    .roll-lane:after{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:var(--playhead,-10px);width:2px;background:#ff8a24;z-index:4;pointer-events:none}
    .roll-lane i{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;width:1px;background:#333b43;pointer-events:none}.roll-lane i.bar-line{background:#66707a}
    .midi-note{position:absolute;top:2px;height:20px;border:1px solid #78b8ea;border-radius:2px;background:#1f8de0;color:#fff;font-size:.66rem;padding:1px 6px;z-index:3;cursor:grab;overflow:hidden;user-select:none;touch-action:none}
    .midi-note:active{cursor:grabbing}.resize-handle{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;width:6px;cursor:ew-resize}.resize-handle.left{left:0}.resize-handle.right{right:0}
    .featured-audio{margin:1.5rem 0 3rem;border:1px solid #dfe4e8;border-radius:10px;padding:16px;background:#fbfcfd}
    .featured-label{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-bottom:8px}.featured-label span{color:#69727b}
    .architecture-figure{width:80%;margin:2rem auto}.architecture-figure figcaption{color:#555;font-size:.88rem;margin-top:10px}
    .method-comparison{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px;margin:1.5rem 0 2.5rem}
    .method-comparison article{padding:22px;border:1px solid #dfe4e8;border-radius:10px;background:#fbfcfd}.method-comparison article>span{font-size:.75rem;color:#0878d8;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.1em;font-weight:700}.method-comparison h3{font-size:1.15rem;margin:.4rem 0}.method-comparison p{margin:0;color:#555}
    .reference-list{margin:1.5rem 0 0;padding-left:1.5rem;max-width:900px}
    .reference-list li{margin:.7rem 0;padding-left:.25rem;color:#4f5962;line-height:1.6}
    .algorithm-figure{width:min(100%,760px);margin:2rem auto 2.5rem;padding:20px}
    .algorithm-figure img,.algorithm-figure figure{display:block;width:100%;margin:0 auto}
    .algorithm-figure>p{margin-top:1rem}
    .light-roll{width:min(100%,800px);margin:1.25rem auto 3.25rem;background:#fff;color:#20252b;border:1px solid #aeb5bc;box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(28,38,48,.08)}
    .light-roll .piano-toolbar{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #cbd0d5;color:#20252b;padding:9px 12px}
    .light-roll .roll-help{background:#f5f6f7;color:#68717a;border-bottom:1px solid #d8dde1;padding:6px 12px}
    .light-roll kbd{background:#fff;color:#343a40;border:1px solid #b8c0c7;box-shadow:0 1px 0 #adb5bd;font-size:.72rem}
    .light-roll .mode-badge{background:#eef1f3;color:#343a40;border:1px solid #cbd0d5}
    .light-roll .roll-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:54px 704px;width:758px;min-width:0;margin:0 auto;background:#fff}
    .light-roll .note-label{position:relative;left:auto;height:22px;padding:2px 7px;background:#fff;color:#343a40;border-right:1px solid #111;border-bottom:1px solid #d8dde1;font-size:.68rem}
    .light-roll .note-label.black-key{background:#e9ecef;color:#343a40}
    .light-roll .roll-lane{width:704px;height:22px;background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #d8dde1}
    .light-roll .roll-lane i{background:#cbd0d5}.light-roll .roll-lane i.bar-line{width:2px;background:#111}
    .light-roll .roll-lane:after{background:#d55b37}
    .light-roll .midi-note{top:2px;height:17px;border:1px solid #688ba3;background:rgba(111,151,178,calc(.28 + var(--velocity) * .52));color:#17232b;padding:0 6px;font-size:.62rem}
    .light-roll .midi-note.selected{border-color:#111;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #111;z-index:4}
    .velocity-meter{position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;height:2px;width:calc(var(--velocity) * 100%);background:#274f69}
    .parameter-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(130px,1fr));gap:12px;width:min(100%,880px);margin:1rem auto;padding:16px;border:1px solid #d8dde1;border-radius:8px;background:#fafbfc}
    .parameter-panel>label{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:4px 8px;font-size:.82rem;font-weight:600}.parameter-panel input[type="range"]{grid-column:1/-1;width:100%}.parameter-panel output{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#5f6871;font-weight:400}
    .event-toggles{grid-column:1/-1;display:flex;gap:22px;padding-top:6px;border-top:1px solid #e1e4e7;font-size:.85rem}.event-toggles label{display:flex;gap:7px;align-items:center;margin:0}

    /* ── Scrolling narrative ─────────────────────────────────────────── */
    .chapter{margin:0 0 4.5rem}
    .chapter>hr{margin-bottom:1.6rem}
    .equation{margin:1.1rem 0;overflow-x:auto}
    .aside{margin-top:1.6rem;padding:12px 16px;border-left:3px solid #d8dde1;background:#fafbfc;font-size:.9rem;color:#5f6871}
    .link-button{border:0;background:none;padding:0;color:#274f69;font:inherit;text-decoration:underline;cursor:pointer}
    .ink-red{color:#c2412a;font-weight:600}.ink-blue{color:#2f6fb0;font-weight:600}.ink-green{color:#3f9b62;font-weight:600}
    .roll-note{font-size:.85rem;color:#5f6871}

    /* Sticky figure + stepped prose */
    .scrolly{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:36px;align-items:start}
    .scrolly-figure{position:sticky;top:var(--sticky-offset,18px);align-self:start}
    .scrolly-steps>.scrolly-step{padding:2.5rem 0;opacity:.45;transition:opacity .35s ease}
    .scrolly-steps>.scrolly-step.is-active{opacity:1}
    .scrolly-steps>.scrolly-step:first-child{padding-top:.5rem}

    .ksa-figure{border:1px solid #d8dde1;border-radius:10px;background:#fff;padding:14px}
    .figure-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px}
    .mode-switch{display:inline-flex;border:1px solid #cfd5da;border-radius:20px;overflow:hidden}
    .mode-switch button{border:0;background:#fff;padding:5px 14px;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:600;color:#5f6871;cursor:pointer}
    .mode-switch button.active{background:#274f69;color:#fff}
    .response-canvas{display:block;width:100%;height:260px}
    .figure-legend{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 18px;align-items:center;margin:.5rem 0 0;font-size:.72rem;color:#5f6871}
    .legend-item{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:2px}
    .swatch{display:inline-block;width:14px;height:3px;border-radius:2px;margin-right:5px;vertical-align:middle}
    .swatch.analytic{background:#d55b37;height:3px}
    .swatch.measured{background:rgba(111,151,178,.6);height:9px}
    .knob-panel{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:10px 16px;margin-top:12px;padding-top:12px;border-top:1px solid #e6e9ec}
    .knob-panel label{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:3px 8px;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:600;margin:0}
    .knob-panel input[type="range"]{grid-column:1/-1;width:100%}
    .knob-panel output{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#5f6871;font-weight:400}
    .tuning-readout{grid-column:1/-1;font-size:.78rem;color:#5f6871;padding:6px 9px;border-radius:6px;background:#f4f6f7}
    .tuning-readout b{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#274f69}
    .tuning-readout b.off-pitch{color:#c2412a}

    /* Optimisation demos */
    .demo{margin:1.6rem 0;padding:16px;border:1px solid #d8dde1;border-radius:10px;background:#fafbfc}
    .demo-controls{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 16px;align-items:end;margin-bottom:14px}
    .demo-controls label{display:grid;gap:3px;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:600;margin:0}
    .demo-controls select{border:1px solid #cfd5da;border-radius:6px;padding:4px 8px;font-size:.82rem;background:#fff}
    .demo-body{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,440px) minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px;align-items:stretch}
    .demo-body-paired{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,500px) minmax(0,1fr)}
    .demo-landscape-column{position:sticky;top:var(--sticky-offset,18px);align-self:start}
    .landscape-stack{display:grid;gap:12px}
    .landscape-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(96px,116px) repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)) 18px;grid-template-areas:
      ". event1label event2label ."
      "time event1time event2time damping"
      "frequency event1frequency event2frequency damping"
      ". decay decay ."
      "key key key key";gap:8px 10px;align-items:center}
    .single-landscape-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(112px,142px) minmax(0,1fr) 18px;grid-template-areas:
      "time single-time damping"
      "frequency single-frequency damping"
      ". decay ."
      "key key key";gap:8px 10px;align-items:center}
    .single-landscape-grid .grid-head{font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;color:#274f69;text-align:right}
    .landscape-single-time{grid-area:single-time}.landscape-single-frequency{grid-area:single-frequency}
    .single-landscape-grid .landscape{width:min(100%,230px);justify-self:center}
    .single-landscape-grid .landscape-key{grid-area:key}
    .landscape-grid .grid-head{font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;color:#274f69;text-align:right}
    .grid-head-time{grid-area:time}.grid-head-frequency{grid-area:frequency}
    .landscape-event-1-time{grid-area:event1time}.landscape-event-1-frequency{grid-area:event1frequency}
    .landscape-event-2-time{grid-area:event2time}.landscape-event-2-frequency{grid-area:event2frequency}
    .landscape-axis{font-size:.7rem;font-weight:600;color:#274f69;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap}
    .landscape-axis-x{grid-area:decay}
    .landscape-axis-y{grid-area:damping;justify-self:center;transform:rotate(-90deg)}
    .landscape-event-label{font-size:.66rem;font-weight:600;color:#5f6871;justify-self:center;white-space:nowrap}
    .landscape-event-label-1{grid-area:event1label}.landscape-event-label-2{grid-area:event2label}
    .landscape-grid figure{margin:0}
    .landscape-grid figcaption{font-size:.68rem;text-align:center;margin-top:3px}
    .landscape-grid .landscape-key{grid-area:key}
    .landscape-stack figcaption{font-size:.74rem;font-weight:600;color:#274f69;margin:0 0 4px}
    .landscape-key{font-size:.7rem;color:#5f6871;line-height:1.45;margin:0}
    .readout-row{display:block}
    .landscape{margin:0}
    .landscape canvas{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:6px;cursor:crosshair;image-rendering:auto}
    .demo figcaption{font-size:.72rem;color:#5f6871;margin-top:6px;line-height:1.4}
    .spec-stack{display:grid;gap:10px;width:80%;justify-self:center;align-self:start}
    .spec-stack figure{margin:0}
    .spec-stack canvas{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border:1px solid #e1e4e7;border-radius:4px;background:#fff}
    .demo-readout{margin:12px 0 0;font-size:.78rem;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#5f6871}

    /* Training regimes */
    .regime-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px;margin:1.2rem 0}
    .regime-grid article{border:1px solid #d8dde1;border-radius:8px;padding:14px;background:#fff}
    .regime-grid span{display:inline-block;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;color:#274f69;margin-bottom:6px}
    .regime-grid h4{font-size:.92rem;margin:0 0 6px}
    .regime-grid p{font-size:.83rem;color:#5f6871;margin:0}
    .audio-heading{font-size:1.05rem;margin:1.4rem 0 .6rem}
    .table-heading{font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;color:#274f69}

    /* Section 2.1 matching widget */
    .match-widget{margin:1.4rem 0;padding:16px;border:1px solid #d8dde1;border-radius:10px;background:#fafbfc}
    .match-specs{display:grid;gap:14px}
    .match-cell{position:relative;margin:0}
    .match-cell canvas{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:6px;background:#111}
    .match-cell figcaption{font-size:.75rem;font-weight:600;color:#5f6871;margin-bottom:5px}
    .match-canvas-stack{position:relative}
    .match-canvas-stack canvas{position:relative}
    .match-canvas-stack canvas[data-match-overlay]{position:absolute;inset:0;background:transparent;cursor:pointer}
    .match-cell[data-match-cell="target"]{cursor:pointer}
    .match-play{position:absolute;left:50%;top:calc(50% + 10px);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);
      width:42px;height:42px;border-radius:50%;background:rgba(39,79,105,.86);color:#fff;
      display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;opacity:0;transition:opacity .18s ease;pointer-events:none}
    .match-cell:hover .match-play,.match-cell.playing .match-play{opacity:1}
    .match-cell.playing .match-play{background:rgba(194,65,42,.9)}

    .match-editor{margin-top:14px;border:1px solid #e1e4e7;border-radius:8px;background:#fff;padding:12px}
    .match-editor-head{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:10px}
    .match-editor-head strong{font-size:.8rem;color:#274f69;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
    .match-editor-head .btn{margin-left:auto}
    .match-chips{display:inline-flex;gap:4px}
    .match-chips button{width:26px;height:26px;border:1px solid #cfd5da;border-radius:50%;background:#fff;
      font-size:.75rem;font-weight:700;color:#5f6871;cursor:pointer;padding:0}
    .match-chips button.active{background:#4da3ff;border-color:#4da3ff;color:#04203c}
    .match-params{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:8px 18px}
    .match-params label{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:2px 8px;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:600;margin:0}
    .match-params input[type="range"]{grid-column:1/-1;width:100%}
    .match-params output{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;color:#5f6871;font-weight:400}

    /* Section navigation in the sidebar */
    .section-nav{list-style:none;margin:.35rem 0 .75rem;padding:0 0 0 2px;font-size:.78rem}
    .section-nav ol{list-style:none;margin:.15rem 0 .5rem;padding:0 0 0 10px}
    .section-nav a{display:block;padding:3px 8px;border-left:2px solid transparent;color:#5f6871;text-decoration:none;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0}
    .section-nav a:hover{background:#f1f4f6;color:#274f69}
    .section-nav>li>a{font-weight:600;color:#3c4349;margin-top:.3rem}
    .section-nav a.current{border-left-color:#274f69;color:#274f69;background:#eef2f5;font-weight:600}
    body.synth-open .section-nav{display:none}

    /* Section 1 figure: diagram above the response */
    .figure-diagram{margin:0 0 10px;padding:8px 10px;border:1px solid #eceff1;border-radius:6px;background:#fcfdfd}
    .figure-diagram img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;max-height:190px;object-fit:contain}
    .knob-panel label.wide{grid-column:1/-1}
    .knob-equation{justify-self:end;font-weight:400;color:#5f6871;font-size:.86rem}
    .tuning-readout .sub-line{align-items:baseline}
    .tuning-readout .sub-line>span:first-child{color:#6b747c}
    .tuning-equation{margin:-2px 0 2px;text-align:center}
    .tuning-substitution{display:grid;gap:2px;font-size:.76rem;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
    .sub-line{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px}
    .sub-line b{color:#274f69;font-weight:600}
    .sub-line b.cents{color:#4b8b5f}
    .sub-line b.cents.off-pitch{color:#c2412a}
    .inline-diagram{margin:1.2rem 0;padding:12px;border:1px solid #e1e4e7;border-radius:8px;background:#fff}
    .inline-diagram img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
    .inline-diagram figcaption{font-size:.76rem;color:#5f6871;margin-top:8px;line-height:1.45}
    @media (max-width: 980px){
      .app-shell{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);padding:0 16px}
      .side-tabs{position:static;border-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid #dadce0;display:flex;gap:6px;overflow:auto;padding:0 0 10px}
      .tab-button{white-space:nowrap}
      .figure-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .paper-figure-with-copy{grid-template-columns:1fr;width:min(100%,640px);gap:20px}
      .architecture-figure{width:100%}
      .extended-figure,.method-comparison{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .synth-chapter{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column}
      .parameter-panel{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(130px,1fr))}
      .section-nav{display:none}
      .scrolly{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .scrolly-figure,.demo-landscape-column{position:static;top:auto}
      .scrolly-steps>.scrolly-step{opacity:1;padding:1.5rem 0}
      .demo-body,.demo-body-paired{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .spec-stack{width:100%}
      .regime-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .match-params{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .knob-panel{grid-template-columns:1fr}
      .light-roll{overflow:hidden}.light-roll .roll-grid{transform-origin:top left}
      .patch-stage{min-height:1180px}
      .patch-figure{position:relative;left:auto;right:auto;top:auto;margin:0 auto 16px}
      .patch-node{position:relative!important;left:auto!important;right:auto!important;top:auto!important;width:auto;margin:10px 0}
      .component-arrows{display:none}
      .lfo-grid{position:relative;left:auto;right:auto;bottom:auto;grid-template-columns:1fr}
    }
    @media (max-width: 520px){
      .listening-section .audio-table th:first-child,.listening-section .audio-table td:first-child{white-space:normal}
      .listening-dock.is-floating{bottom:calc(8px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom));padding:8px}
      .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-options{gap:6px}
      .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination{gap:6px}
      .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination .btn{min-width:80px}
      .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-pagination output{flex-basis:150px;min-width:150px}
      .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse{gap:6px}
      .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse .btn{min-width:80px}
      .audio-pagination.listening-pagination-inverse output{flex-basis:150px;min-width:150px}
      .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-toggle{max-width:100%}
      .listening-dock.is-floating .audio-toggle button{min-width:0;line-height:1.2}
    }